The Twentieth Century to Today · School
Hermeneutics
The philosophy of understanding and interpretation; Gadamer held that all understanding occurs within historical tradition and a fusion of horizons.
Representative figures · 4
Wilhelm Dilthey狄尔泰
Founder of the human sciences: nature is to be explained, spirit to be understood; life can be grasped only from within life, and hermeneutics became philosophy.
Martin Heidegger海德格尔
He raised anew the question of the meaning of Being: the human being is Dasein, thrown into the world, caring, being-toward-death; later he turned to language, technology and the history of Being. His entanglement with Nazism remains contested.
Hans-Georg Gadamer伽达默尔
Philosophical hermeneutics: understanding is not a method but the human way of being, prejudice is its condition, and truth happens in the fusion of horizons and in dialogue with tradition. He lived to a hundred and two.
Paul Ricoeur利科
The third generation of hermeneutics: the hermeneutics of suspicion and of recovery, metaphor and narrative, oneself as another, memory and forgiveness. The most generous and mediating philosopher of the century.